Cov khoom
Lanthanum
Synonyms: Lanthanum
Chemical Property ntawm Lanthanum
● Cov tsos / Xim: khoom
● Melting Point: 920 ° C (lit.)
● Boiling Point: 3464 ° C (lit.)
● PSA:0.00000
● Ceev: 6.19 g / mL ntawm 25 ° C (lit.)
● LogP: 0.00000
● Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
● Hydrogen Bond Txais Tus Nqi: 0
● Rotatable Bond suav: 0
● Exact Mass: 138.906363
● Heavy Atom suav: 1
● Kev nyuaj: 0
Cov ntaub ntawv nyab xeeb
● Daim duab:
F,
T
● Hazard Codes: F, T
Pab tau
Chav Kawm Tshuaj:Hlau -> Rare Earth Metals
Canonical SMILES:[La]
Tsis ntev los no ClinicalTrials:Truncal Ultrasound Guided Regional Anesthesia for Implantation and Revision of Automatic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (AICDs) thiab Pacemakers in Pediatric Patients
Tsis ntev los no NIPH Clinical Trials:Kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm sucroferric oxyhydroxide rau cov neeg mob hemodialysis
Taw qhia ntxaws
Lanthanumyog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg nrog lub cim La thiab atomic tooj 57. Nws belongs rau cov pab pawg neeg ntawm cov ntsiab lus hu ua lanthanides, uas yog ib tug series ntawm 15 metallic ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub periodic rooj nyob rau hauv cov kev hloov ntawm cov hlau.
Lanthanum tau pom thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1839 los ntawm Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander thaum nws cais nws los ntawm cerium nitrate. Nws lub npe los ntawm Greek lo lus "lanthanein," uas txhais tau hais tias "mus dag zais" raws li lanthanum feem ntau pom ua ke nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus hauv ntau yam minerals.
Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, lanthanum yog ib tug mos, silvery-dawb hlau uas yog heev reactive thiab yooj yim oxidized nyob rau hauv huab cua. Nws yog ib qho tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntsiab lus lanthanide tab sis muaj ntau dua li cov khoom xws li kub lossis platinum.
Lanthanum feem ntau tau txais los ntawm cov zaub mov xws li monazite thiab bastnäsite, uas muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb.
Lanthanum muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig hauv ntau yam kev siv. Nws muaj cov ntsiab lus melting siab heev thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, uas ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev siv cov pa roj carbon arc teeb rau cov yeeb yaj kiab projectors, studio teeb pom kev zoo, thiab lwm yam kev siv uas yuav tsum tau siv cov teeb pom kev zoo. Nws kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov kab hluav taws xob cathode (CRTs) rau TVs thiab computer saib.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lanthanum yog siv rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm catalysis, qhov twg nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm qee cov catalysts siv hauv tshuaj lom neeg. Nws kuj tau pom cov ntawv thov hauv kev tsim cov hybrid fais tsheb roj teeb, kho qhov muag lo ntsiab muag, thiab ua ib qho ntxiv hauv iav thiab cov ntaub ntawv ceramic los txhim kho lawv lub zog thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg.
Lanthanum compounds yog siv hauv tshuaj thiab. Lanthanum carbonate, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem raug sau ua phosphate binder los pab tswj cov qib phosphate siab hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg mob raum. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev khi rau phosphate hauv lub plab zom mov, tiv thaiv nws txoj kev nqus mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, lanthanum yog ntau yam khoom siv nrog ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam xws li teeb pom kev zoo, hluav taws xob, catalysis, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, thiab tshuaj. Nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig hauv ntau yam txuj ci thiab kev tshawb fawb.
Daim ntawv thov
Lanthanum muaj ntau daim ntawv thov thoob plaws ntau yam kev lag luam vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb:
Teeb pom kev zoo:Lanthanum yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov pa roj carbon arc teeb, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab projectors, studio teeb pom kev zoo, thiab nrhiav teeb. Cov teeb no ua rau lub teeb ci ntsa iab, ua rau lawv haum rau cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau siv lub teeb pom kev zoo.
Electronics:Lanthanum yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov kab hluav taws xob cathode (CRTs) rau TV thiab computer saib. CRTs siv lub teeb hluav taws xob los tsim cov duab ntawm lub vijtsam, thiab lanthanum yog ua haujlwm hauv cov phom hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv no.
Roj teeb:Lanthanum yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov nickel-hlau hydride (NiMH) roj teeb, uas yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv hybrid electric tsheb (HEVs). Lanthanum-nickel alloys yog ib feem ntawm lub roj teeb tsis zoo electrode, pab txhawb rau nws cov kev ua tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm.
Optics:Lanthanum yog siv los tsim cov tsom iav tshwj xeeb thiab tsom iav. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov refractive index thiab dispersion zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov ntawv thov xws li lub koob yees duab lo ntsiab muag thiab telescopes.
Automotive Catalysts:Lanthanum yog siv los ua ib qho catalyst nyob rau hauv lub tshuab pa ntawm lub tsheb. Nws pab hloov cov pa phem, xws li nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), thiab hydrocarbons (HC), rau hauv cov khoom tsis zoo.
Iav thiab Ceramics:Lanthanum oxide yog siv los ua ib qho ntxiv hauv kev tsim cov iav thiab cov ntaub ntawv ceramic. Nws imparts zoo heev thaum tshav kub kub thiab poob siab kuj zog, ua rau cov khoom zaum kawg ntau check thiab tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Kev Siv Tshuaj Kho Mob:Lanthanum compounds, xws li lanthanum carbonate, yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj raws li phosphate binders hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob raum mob. Cov tshuaj no khi rau phosphate hauv plab hnyuv, tiv thaiv nws txoj kev nqus mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha.
Metallurgy: Lanthanum tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau qee cov alloys txhawm rau txhim kho lawv lub zog thiab kev kub siab ua haujlwm. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov tshwj xeeb hlau thiab alloys rau daim ntaub ntawv xws li aerospace thiab high-kev ua tau zoo xyaw.
Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm kev siv lanthanum. Nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig hauv ntau yam kev lag luam, pab txhawb kev nce qib hauv kev siv tshuab, lub zog, optics, thiab kev kho mob.
